What is the difference between GLUT2 and GLUT 4?
GLUT1 is the major glucose transporter in brain, placenta and erythrocytes, GLUT2 is found in the pancreas, liver and kidneys, GLUT3 is neuronal and placental, while GLUT4 is the insulin-responsive transporter found in skeletal muscle, heart and adipose tissue.
What do GLUT transporters do?
The GLUT family can transport glucose either into or outside cells. In liver and kidney which are gluconeogenic (can form glucose from other molecules), the intracellular [glucose] can exceed blood [glucose] in postabsorptive or fasting states and glucose can be exported from these tissues through GLUT2.
How many types of GLUT are there?
The 14 GLUT proteins are comprised of ~500 amino acid residues and can be categorized into 3 classes based on sequence similarity: Class 1 (GLUTs 1–4, 14); Class 2 (GLUTs 5, 7, 9, and 11); and Class 3 (GLUTs 6, 8, 10, 12, and HMIT).
Is GLUT2 insulin dependent?
It is the principal transporter for transfer of glucose between liver and blood Unlike GLUT4, it does not rely on insulin for facilitated diffusion.
Where is GLUT2 found?
GLUT2 is a facilitative glucose transporter located in the plasma membrane of the liver, pancreatic, intestinal, kidney cells as well as in the portal and the hypothalamus areas.
What does GLUT stand for?
GLUT
| Acronym | Definition |
|---|---|
| GLUT | Glucose Transporter |
| GLUT | OpenGL Utility Toolkit |
| GLUT | Gamma Lookup Table |
| GLUT | Open Graphics Library Utility Toolkit |
Which GLUT is insulin dependent?
Among the known GLUTs, GLUT4 is the main insulin-dependent transporter, which makes it a suitable candidate for developing a potential medical intervention.
What is GLUT1 GLUT2 GLUT3 and GLUT4?
Class I facilitative glucose transporters Class I facilitative glucose transportors are represented by GLUT1 to GLUT4, among which GLUT2 is expressed mainly in beta cells of the pancreas, liver and kidney. GLUT2 acts as a glucose sensor in beta cells of marine organisms, but human beta cells express mainly GLUT1.
What do GLUT2 receptors do?
GLUT2 is the major glucose transporter inβ -cells of pancreatic islets and hepatocytes. In both cell types, GLUT2 mediates the facilitated diffusion of glucose across the cell membranes, and then intracellular glucose metabolism is initiated by the glucose-phosphorylating enzyme, hexokinase IV or glucokinase.
Why does liver have GLUT2?
GLUT2 located in the hepatocytes has bidirectional function (Navale and Paranjape, 2016). It helps in the uptake of glucose by the hepatocytes for the glycolysis and glycogenesis. GLUT 2 also regulates the release of glucose from the liver cells into the circulation during gluconeogenesis.
Why is GLUT2 important?
GLUT2 is the major glucose transporter in pancreatic β-cells and hepatocytes. It plays an important role in insulin secretion fromβ -cells and glucose metabolism in hepatocytes.
Where is GLUT4?
GLUT4 expression is highest in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, but GLUT4 is also found in other organs such as brain, kidney and intestine (Brosius et al., 1992; Rayner et al., 1994; Stöckli and James, 2009) and its possible role as a glucose sensor in these and other organs is worthy of future investigation.