What are cog genes?

COGs stands for Clusters of Orthologous Genes. The database was initially created in 1997 (Tatusov et al., PMID: 9381173) followed by several updates, most recently in 2014 (Galperin et al., PMID: 25428365). The current update includes complete genomes of 1,187 bacteria and 122 archaea that map into 1,234 genera.

How many COGs in the human genome?

Here we report the current status of the COG database which now consists of 2091 COGs and includes proteins from 21 complete genomes.

How many strains of Y pestis are there?

pseudotuberculosis and a portion of both the “nonclassical” subspecies of Y. pestis and the “classical” biovar antiqua (38). There are currently three completed genome sequences for Y. pestis, one each from the orientalis, medievalis, and “nonclassical” microtus biovars.

What is COG classification?

The database of Clusters of Orthologous Groups of proteins (COGs) is an attempt on phylogenetic classification of the proteins encoded in complete genomes. Each COGs includes proteins that are inferred to be orthologs (direct evolutionary counterparts).

What are cog categories?

The COGs and KOGs are classified into functional classifications. The functional categories are not listed on the new version of the COG website….Categories.

A RNA processing and modification
F Nucleotide metabolism and transport
G Carbohydrate metabolism and transport
H Coenzyme metabolis
I Lipid metabolism

What is the difference between orthologous and paralogous genes?

“By definition, orthologs are genes that are related by vertical descent from a common ancestor and encode proteins with the same function in different species. By contrast, paralogs are homologous genes that have evolved by duplication and code for protein with similar, but not identical functions.”

What is the difference between homolog ortholog and paralogs?

Homolog is the umbrella term for a genes that share origin. Orthologs are two genes in two different species that share a common ancestor, while paralogs are two genes in the same genome that are a product of a gene duplication event of the original gene.

What makes Yersinia pestis unique?

pestis is unique in being carried by fleas and is transmitted when the flea bites a new animal host. Y. pestis blocks the digestive tracts of fleas by forming biofilms. This provokes the starving fleas to bite repeatedly in a futile attempt to obtain food, and thus infect new hosts.

What are cog proteins?

What is the difference between SG&A and cogs?

Cogs stands for cost of goods sold and as the acronym suggests is the cost of the items sold. For example if you produce 50 items each costing a dollar and sell 20, your COGS is 20 SG&A is selling general and administrative cost and is a period cost unlike COGS which is a product cost.

What is the difference between cogs and cogs?

Cogs stands for cost of goods sold and as the acronym suggests is the cost of the items sold. For example if you produce 50 items each costing a dollar and sell 20, your COGS is 20

Why is cogs not calculated at the end of the month?

If that same company is using the periodic inventory system COGS is not calculated until the end of the month to save time. LIFO is a cost flow assumption that says the last in units are the ones sold and thus a LIFO cost flow assumption changes the math but does not change that 15 units are sold and 5 are left over in ending inventory.

What is the formula for cogs?

(Beginning Inventory + Purchases) – Ending Inventory = COGS Diving a level deeper into the COGS formula requires five steps. Typically, these are tackled by accounting and tax experts, often with the help of powerful software. But these four steps are something all managers should have an appreciation for: