What can I say instead of et al?
at MacMillan dictionary. However, during a presentation, instead of reading that abbreviation, it is probably nicer to say something like: “Smith and his/her group/coauthors/colleagues published the paper […]”. I often just say “and others”, “and friends”, or just “Foo” for “Foo, et al.”.
What is the difference between MLA and APA format?
The main differences between MLA, APA, and Chicago format are the way the title page, in-text citations, and reference lists are created. MLA uses the author-page number style for in-text citations, while APA uses the author-date citation style.
How do you cite 5 authors in APA 6th edition?
NOTE: Although the first in-text citation for a work with three to five authors/editors includes all of the names of the authors/editors, subsequent citations include only the first author’s/editor’s surname, followed by ‘et al. ‘ and the year.
How do you APA reference a PDF?
Instead, you’ll have to determine what kind of source the PDF is (e.g., a book, a journal article) and cite it in the appropriate format….Citing a journal article.
| Format | Last name, Initials. (Year). Article title. Journal Name, Volume(Issue), Page range. or e-locator. DOI or URL |
|---|---|
| In-text citation | (McCabe & Castel, 2008) |
How do you pronounce et al?
“et al.” is an abbreviation. When read aloud, you pronounce the full term “et alii” (or “et alia”) – same as you would say “et cetera” when reading aloud the “etc.” abbreviation. Alternatively, you could say “and others” – same as you would say “for example” when reading aloud the “e.g.” abbreviation.
Can you use et al in APA?
The abbreviation “et al.” (meaning “and others”) is used to shorten in-text citations with three or more authors. Always include page numbers in the APA in-text citation when quoting a source. Don’t include page numbers when referring to a work as a whole – for example, an entire book or journal article.
How do you write in APA format?
APA Formatting Basics
- All text should be double-spaced.
- Use one-inch margins on all sides.
- All paragraphs in the body are indented.
- Make sure that the title is centered on the page with your name and school/institution underneath.
- Use 12-point font throughout.
- All pages should be numbered in the upper right hand corner.
What does et al mean in property?
What Is Et Al. Short For? This is a Latin phrase that is short for “et alia.” It means “and others,” and is commonly used in legal documents to reference the family or people involved.
How do you use et al in a case name?
et al. n. abbreviation for the Latin phrase et alii meaning “and others.” This is commonly used in shortening the name of a case, as in “Pat Murgatroyd v. Sally Sherman, et al.”
Is there a comma after et al apa?
Remember that there is no comma between the surname and “et al.,” and the period goes only after the “al.” The English translation of “et al.” is “and others.” A helpful table of this rule can be found in APA 7, Table 8.1.
How do you write et al in a paper?
matter what, “et” is never followed by a period. Only “al” is followed by a period. That means that “et al.” is the only proper spelling of the phrase.
What is called IE?
I.e. and e.g. are both Latin abbreviations. E.g. stands for exempli gratia and means “for example.” I.e. is the abbreviation for id est and means “in other words.” Remember that E is for example (e.g.) and that I and E are the first letters of in essence, an alternative English translation of i.e.
What does IE mean at the end of a sentence?
exempli gratia
Can you text et al?
The abbreviation “et al.” (meaning “and others”) is used to shorten in-text citations with three or more authors. Here’s how it works: Only include the first author’s last name, followed by “et al.”, a comma and the year of publication, for example (Taylor et al., 2018).
How do you read IE?
For “i.e.”, I would tend to say “in other words…” instead of “it is”. If I’m reading out loud, I’ll likely say either “eye -ee” and “ee-gee” or “id est” and “exempli gratia.” If I’m speaking, I’ll just say “for example” or “that is.” Those are written things – almost never spoken.
Does et al need a comma?
In MLA style, a comma is generally only used before et al. in the “Author” slot of works-cited-list entries when the author’s first and last names are reversed: Burdick, Anne, et al.
Why do we write et al?
Academic writing is full of little conventions that may seem opaque to the uninitiated. One of these is the Latin phrase et al., an abbreviation meaning “and others.” It is used to shorten lists of author names in text citations to make repeated referencing shorter and simpler.
How do you eg in a sentence?
e.g. is an abbreviation used to introduce examples in a sentence. Lowercase letters should be used when including e.g. in a sentence with a period after each letter and a comma following the abbreviation.
What does et al mean in email?
The expression et al., which is always followed by a period, stands for “and others.” So the greetings above would mean: Dear John and others, Hello, Kimia and others.
What is eg and ie?
i.e. is the customary abbreviation for “that is.” It is derived from the Latin term “id est.” e.g. is the customary abbreviation for “for example.” It is derived from the Latin phrase “exempli gratia.”.
What does this mean et al?
“Et al.” is short for the Latin term “et alia,” meaning “and others.” It is used in academic citations when referring to a source with multiple authors: Hulme et al. (2019) argue that …