What is a carrier state for hepatitis?
Hepatitis B carriers are people who have the hepatitis B virus in their blood, even though they don’t feel sick. Between 6% and 10% of those people who’ve been infected with the virus will become carriers and can infect others without knowing it.
Which hepatitis virus has no carrier state?
Hepatitis E is thought to be caused by a 32 nm icosahedral non-enveloped virus in the Calicivirus family. The viral particles may be found in the stool of infected humans aggregated by antibodies during the acute and convalescent phase of infection. This form of hepatitis does not have a carrier state (Figure 3).
What happens if you are a hepatitis B carrier?
Chronic hepatitis B can develop into a serious disease resulting in long-term health problems, including liver damage, liver failure, liver cancer, and even death.
What are the 3 stages of hepatitis B?
The entire illness of acute hepatitis B sequentially passes through three phases, namely prodromal phase, icteric phase and convalescence phase. The prodromal phase is characterized by MARKED LOSS OF APPETITE, and other flu‐like symptoms such as low‐grade fever, nausea and vomiting, and lasts for a few days.
What is the difference between a host and a carrier?
Infection is the replication of organisms in host tissue, which may cause disease. A carrier is an individual with no overt disease who harbors infectious organisms.
What does it mean to be a carrier of an infection?
As noted earlier, a carrier is a person with inapparent infection who is capable of transmitting the pathogen to others. Asymptomatic or passive or healthy carriers are those who never experience symptoms despite being infected.
What is a carrier state in medical terms?
The condition of harboring an infective organism without manifesting symptoms of infection.
What is inactive carrier of hepatitis B?
Abstract. Objective: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) inactive carriers are HBV e antigen (HBeAg)-negative patients with normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and HBV DNA of ≤ 10000 copies/mL. We aimed to determine the clinical impact of ALT and HBV DNA elevations during the course of HBV infection.
Can hepatitis be asymptomatic?
Most patients with chronic hepatitis B are asymptomatic unless their disease progresses. Others might have nonspecific symptoms, such as fatigue. Some patients experience worsening of the infection and develop signs and symptoms similar to acute hepatitis.
What is the difference between a carrier and an infected person?
Infection is the replication of organisms in host tissue, which may cause disease. A carrier is an individual with no overt disease who harbors infectious organisms. Dissemination is the spread of the organism in the environment.
What is a carrier infection?
Is there a carrier state in hepatitis B?
THE CARRIER STATE IN VIRAL HEPATITIS. VIRAL HEPATITIS B Although considerable presumptive evidence concerning carriers of hepatitis virus B (serum hepatitis virus) can be seen in retrospect to have accumulated since 1920, when Stokes and others1 suggested that an infectious agent was responsible for liver injury following parenteral injections…
How many people are inactive carriers of hepatitis B?
Hepatitis B virus: inactive carriers Inactive carriers forms the largest group in chronic HBV infected patients. Around 300 million people are inactive carriers The inactive HBsAg carrier state is diagnosed by absence of HBeAg and presence of anti-HBe, undetectable or low levels of HBV DNA in PCR-based assays, repeatedly normal ALT lev …
What is acute hepatitis C (HCV)?
Hepatitis C is a liver disease resulting from an infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). There are two types of hepatitis C: acute and chronic. About 20 percent of people who become infected with HCV will clear it from their bodies without treatment.
What is the pathophysiology of hepatitis B (HBV) infection?
HBV infection is a dynamic process with replicative and nonreplicative (or low replicative) phases based on virus-host interaction. The presence of circulating HBsAg, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), and high levels of serum HBV DNA characterizes the immunotolerant phase.