What is a SUMO ligase?

Often referred to as a protein ligase, an E3 enzyme either facilitates transfer of ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins (including SUMO) from the E2 conjugating enzyme to a substrate or catalyzes thioester bond transfer between the E2 and E3 Cys before substrate conjugation, as is the case for HECT E3s.

What is Stubls?

STUbL localizes to the nuclear periphery where it functions in telomeric maintenance by interaction with SIR and YKU proteins. C. STUbL facilitates immobilizing double-strand DNA breaks to the nuclear pore. D. STUbL may be involved in other chromatin functions like rDNA repair and recovery from replication fork arrest.

What does SUMO protein do?

SUMO is a member of a ubiquitin-like protein superfamily that is covalently attached to target proteins as a post-translational modification to alter the localization, stability, and/or function of the target protein in response to changes in the cellular environment.

What is SUMO biology?

Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier (or SUMO) proteins are a family of small proteins that are covalently attached to and detached from other proteins in cells to modify their function.

Why is SUMO tag used?

Sumo tag is most frequently used as N-end fusion sequence in yeast to increase the expression and solubility of the desired recombinant protein. SUMO proteins are similar to ubiquitin in their folded structure but possess only about 20% homology to the amino acid sequence of ubiquitin.

Why is a protein ubiquitinated?

Ubiquitination plays a crucial role in everyday cellular functions. This pathway targets proteins to the proteasome, which degrades and recycles the substrates. As noted previously, it has a wide range of functions that include cell signaling, apoptosis, protein processing, immune response, and DNA repair.

What is SUMO and SUMOylation?

Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier (or SUMO) proteins are a family of small proteins that are covalently attached to and detached from other proteins in cells to modify their function. This process is called SUMOylation (sometimes written sumoylation).