What are ABO substances?

ABO blood group system, the classification of human blood based on the inherited properties of red blood cells (erythrocytes) as determined by the presence or absence of the antigens A and B, which are carried on the surface of the red cells. Persons may thus have type A, type B, type O, or type AB blood.

Can ABO antibodies cross the placenta?

In ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn (also known as ABO HDN) maternal IgG antibodies with specificity for the ABO blood group system pass through the placenta to the fetal circulation where they can cause hemolysis of fetal red blood cells which can lead to fetal anemia and HDN.

What substances are soluble blood?

Human saliva, hydatid cyst fluid, pigeon egg white, human or guinea pig urine, human serum, and human milk have been used as soluble substances to inhibit red blood cell (RBC) antibodies before the 1990s.

How do you identify ABO substances?

The test to determine your blood group is called ABO typing. Your blood sample is mixed with antibodies against type A and B blood. Then, the sample is checked to see whether or not the blood cells stick together. If blood cells stick together, it means the blood reacted with one of the antibodies.

How many genotypes can ABO blood group have?

six different genotypes
Since there are three different alleles, there are a total of six different genotypes at the human ABO genetic locus. The different possible genotypes are AA, AO, BB, BO, AB, and OO. How are blood types related to the six genotypes?

Does IgA pass through the placenta?

immunoglobulins – IgA and IgM are excluded from crossing the placenta. Thus IgM antibodies in the newborn indicate a response to intrauterine infection. IgG is selectively transferred across the placenta.

What is anti P1 antibody?

Anti-P1 is typically a clinically insignificant IgM antibody that does not react at temperatures >25 °C [3]. However, rare cases of severe acute and severe delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions (HTRs) caused by anti-P1 antibodies reactive at 37 °C have been reported [4,5,6,7,8].

What is anti SDA?

Anti-Sda, an antibody not usually considered to cause of hemolytic transfusion reactions, possibly was related to hemolysis following transfusion of red blood cells expressing strong Sda antigen. Prior to transfusion, the antiglobulin antibody screen performed in LISS and an immediate spin crossmatch were negative.

What is ABO compatible?

The blood types must be compatible to avoid an ABO incompatibility reaction. For example: People with type A blood will react against type B or type AB blood. People with type B blood will react against type A or type AB blood. People with type O blood will react against type A, type B, or type AB blood.

Does plasma have to be ABO compatible?

Plasma components (e.g. fresh frozen plasma, cryoprecipitate and cryodepleted plasma) should be compatible with the ABO group of the recipient to avoid potential haemolysis caused by donor anti-A or anti-B. Plasma components of any RhD type can be given regardless to the RhD type of the recipient.